The T.T. Chang Genetic Resources Center in The Philippines is the largest collection of rice diversity in the world, with more than 130,000 accessions, including genetic stocks, landraces and wild relatives.
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IRRI has a strong focus on seed conservation research, largely directed to greater longevity of seeds in storage and improved precision of predicted seed longevity. The T.T. Chang Genetic Resources Center is actively working to improve efficiency, for example by testing an automated seed sorter that will allow seed processing to take place overnight and thus free staff for other routine operations.
The genetic resources center also has a molecular genetics team working on genetic diversity and biosystematics, and using genetic markers to find beneficial versions of genes. Data are managed, maintained and made available through the International Rice Genebank Collection Information System (IRGCIS).
The Germplasm Health Unit is well established and is a recognized component of the Philippines quarantine and phytosanitary certification system with responsibilities to the Philippines Government as well as to IRRI.
Key staff
Head, T.T. Chang Genetic Resources Center: Venuprasad Ramaiah
Head of Germplasm Health Unit: Gururaj Kulkarni
Genebank Manager: Flora de Guzman
Key performance indicators of CGIAR genebanks, 2012-2021
HINT: Use the search key to filter the data. For descriptions of performance indicators, click here.| Indicator | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Total number of accessions | 117,164 | 121,595 | 126,593 | 127,577 | 127,917 | 130,139 | 130,465 | 132,166 | 132,163 | 132,313 |
| 2. Total number of accessions that are currently available | 107,202 | 113,194 | 117,061 | 120,131 | 120,074 | 119,763 | 120,734 | 122,250 | 121,699 | 118,726 |
| 3. Number of seed accessions | 117,164 | 121,595 | 126,593 | 127,577 | 127,917 | 130,139 | 130,465 | 132,166 | 132,163 | 132,313 |
| 4. Number of vegetatively-propagated accessions | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 5. Number of live plant accessions | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 |
| 6. Number of seed accessions held in long-term storage and safety duplicated at two levels | 114,446 | 114,886 | 114,886 | 116,294 | 116,294 | 116,294 | 116,290 | 116,286 | 116,288 | 120,601 |
| 7. Number of vegetatively-propagated accessions in cryopreservation or safety duplicated as in vitro | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 8. Number of wild species accessions | 4,494 | 4,496 | 4,475 | 3,718 | 3,922 |
Genebank operations, 2012-2021
HINT: Use the search key to filter the data| Indicator | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Number of accessions with passport & characterization data available | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | 132,126 | 132,124 | 132,290 |
| 2. Number accessions received | 2,148 | 6 | 0 | 40 | 210 | 1,756 | 29 | 146 | 0 | 0 |
| 3. Number accessions regenerated | 68 | 57 | 211 | 12 | 2,537 | 359 | 337 | 175 | 500 | 370 |
| 4. Number accessions multiplied | 3,078 | 6,281 | 2,609 | 5,894 | 3,291 | 2,980 | 2,680 | 1,583 | 1,373 | 675 |
| 5. Number accessions health tested | 18,351 | 6,120 | 6,360 | 11,934 | 8,065 | 8,789 | 11,022 | 9,321 | 2,726 | 9,991 |
| 6. Number accessions cleaned | 201 | 208 | 160 | 39 | 1,376 | 99 | 162 | 20 | 39 | 17 |
| 7. Number accessions viability tested | 18,521 | 28,453 | 54,670 | 41,309 | 21,570 | 24,364 | 24,098 | 23,871 | 27,525 | 30,897 |
Number of samples distributed to users within and outside the CGIAR, 2012-2021
HINT: Use the search key to filter the data. For descriptions of performance indicators, click here.| Indicator | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Total number external germplasm requests | 162 | 205 | 149 | 112 | 136 | 107 | 119 | 67 | 49 |
| 2. Number of samples distributed within the CGIAR | 31,467 | 17,625 | 28,730 | 13,423 | 26,682 | 19,662 | 4,545 | 1,705 | 11,101 |
| 3. Number of samples distributed outside the CGIAR | 13,065 | 14,407 | 8,454 | 4,581 | 9,136 | 7,534 | 5,309 | 1,541 | 4,472 |
| 4. Total number of samples distributed | 44,532 | 32,032 | 37,184 | 18,004 | 35,818 | 27,196 | 9,854 | 3,246 | 15,573 |
| 5. Number of accessions distributed within the CGIAR | 9,929 | 11,848 | 9,013 | 11,742 | 20,239 | 16,965 | 4,521 | 1,654 | 10,661 |
| 6. Number of accessions distributed outside the CGIAR | 7,931 | 10,841 | 5,539 | 3,975 | 8,989 | 7,274 | 5,305 | 1,536 | 4,466 |
| 7. Total number of accessions distributed | 17,860 | 22,689 | 14,552 | 15,717 | 29,228 | 24,239 | 9,826 | 3,190 | 15,127 |
| 8. Total number of accessions distributed outside the CGIAR with SMTA | 7,239 | 4,211 | 1,531 | 4,466 | |||||
| 9. Total number of unique accessions distributed outside the CGIAR with SMTA | 6,811 | 5,308 | 3,675 | 1,459 | 4,022 |
Genebank Platform publications, 2017-2020
Recent publications with at least one CGIAR genebank staff as author. HINT: Use the search key to filter the data.| Authors | Article title | Publication name | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| Halewood, M., Chiurugwi, T., Sackville Hamilton, R., Kurtz, B., Marden, E., Welch, E., Michiels, F., Mozafari, J., Sabran, M. ,Patron, N., Kersey, P., Bastow, R., Dorius, S., Dias, S,. McCouch, S., Powell, W. | Tansley review: Plant genetic resources for food and agriculture: opportunities and challenges emerging from the science and information technology revolution. | New Phytologist | READ |
| Halewood, M., Lopez Noriega, I., Ellis, D., Roa, C., Rouard, M., Sackville Hamilton, R. | Using Genomic sequence information to increase conservation and sustainable use of crop diversity and benefit-sharing. | Biopreservation and Biobanking | READ |
| Norton, G.J., Travis , A.J., Douglas, A., Fairley, S., De Paiva Alves, E., Naredo, E., McNally, K.L., Sumon, M., Islam, R., Price, A.H. | Genome wide association mapping of grain and straw biomass traits in the rice Bengal and Assam Aus Panel (BAAP) grown under alternate wetting and drying and permanently flooded irrigation. | Frontiers in Plant Science | READ |
| Wang, D., Agosto-Perez, F., Chebotarov, D., Shi, Y., Marchini, J., Fitzgerald, M., McNally, K.L., Alexandrov, A., McCouch, S.R. | An imputation platform to enhance integration of rice genetic resources. | Nature Communications | READ |
| Wang, W.S., Mauleon, R., Hu, Z.Q., Chebotarov ,D., Tai, S.S., Wu, Z.C., Li, M., Zheng, T.Q., Fuentes, R.R., Zhang, F., Mansueto, L., Copetti, D., Sanciangco, M., Palis, K.C., Xu, J.L., Chen, S., Fu, B.Y., Zhang, H.L., Gao, Y.M., Zhao, X.Q., Shen, F., Cui, X., Yu, H., Li, Z.C., Chen, M.L., Detras, J., Zhou, Y.L., Zhang, X.Y., Zhao, Y., Kudrna, D., Wang, C.C., Li, R., Jia, B., Lu, J.Y., He, X.C., Dong, Z.T., Xu, J.B., Li, Y.H., Wang, M., Shi, J.X., Li, J., Zhang, D.B., Lee , S.H., Hu, W.S., Poliakov, A., Dubchak, I., Ulat, V.J., Borja, F.N., Mendoza, J.R., Al, J., Li, J., Gao, Q., Niu, Y.C., Yue, Z., Naredo, M.E.B., Talag, J., Wang, X.Q., Li, J.J., Fang, X.D., Yin, Y., Glaszmann, J.C., Zhang, J.W., Li, J.Y., Hamilton, R.S., Wing, R.A., Ruan, J., Zhang, G.Y., Wei, C.C., Alexandrov, N., McNally, K.L.*, Li, Z.K., Leung, H. | Genomic variation in 3,010 diverse accessions of Asian cultivated rice. | Nature | READ |
| Scheben, A., Chan, C.K.K., Mansueto, L., Mauleon, R., Larmande, P., Alexandrov, N., Wing, R., McNally, K.L., Quesneville, H., Edwards, D. | Comparing progress in single-access information systems for wheat and rice crop improvement. | Briefings in Bioinformatics | READ |
| Stein, J.C., Yu, Y.S., Copetti, D., Zwick, D.J., Zhang, L., Zhang, C.G., Chougule, K., Gao, D.Y., Iwata, A., Goicoechea, J.L., Wei, S., Wang, J., Liao, Y., Wang, M.H., Jacquemin, J., Becker, C., Kudrna, D., Zhang, J.W., Londono, C.E.M., Song, X., Lee, S.H., Sanchez, P., Zuccolo, A., Ammiraju, J.S.S., Talag, J., Danowitz, A., Rivera, L.F., Gschwend, A.R., Noutsos,C., Wu, C.C., Kao, S.M., Zeng, J.W., Wei, F.J., Zhao., Q., Feng, Q., E.L., Baidouri., M., Carpentier, M.C., Lasserre, E., Cooke., R., da Rosa Farias, D., da Maia, L.C., dos Santos, R.S., Nyberg, K.G., McNally, K.L., Mauleon, R., Alexandrov, N, Schmutz J, Flowers D, Fan CZ, Weigel D., Jena, K.K., Wicker, T., Chen, M.S., Han, B,, Henry, R., Hsing, Y.I.C., Kurata, N,, Costa de Oliveira, A., Panaud, O., Jackson, S.A., Machado, C.A., Sanderson, M.J., Long, M.Y., Ware, D., Wing, R.A. | Genomes of 13 domesticated and wild rice relatives unveil genetic conservation, turnover and innovation across the genus Oryza. | Nature Genetics | READ |
| Hay, F.R.,Valdez, R., Lee, J.S., Cruz, P.S. | Seed longevity phenotyping: recommendations on research methodology. | Journal of Experimental Botany | READ |
| Lee, J.S., Wissuwa, M., Zamora, O.B., Ismail, A.M. | Novel sources of aus rice to zinc deficiency tolerance identified through association analysis using high- density SNP array. | Rice Science | READ |
| Mansueto, L., Fuentes, R.R., Borja, F.N., Detras, J., Abriol-Santos, J.M., Dmytro Chebotarov, D., Millicent Sanciangco, M., Palis, K., Copetti, D., Poliakov, A., Dubchak, I., Solovyev, V., Wing, R.A., Sackville Hamilton, R., Mauleon, R., McNally, K.L., Alexandrov, N. | Rice SNP-seek database update: new SNPs, indels, and queries | Nucleic Acids Research | READ |
| Naredo, M.E.B., Mercado, S.M.Q., Banaticla-Hilario, M.C.N., Berdos, M.L., Rodriguez, M.A., McNally, K.L., Sackville Hamilton, N. | Genetic diversity patterns in ex situ collections of Oryza officinalis wall. ex watt revealed by morphological and microsatellite markers. | Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution | READ |
| Catolos, M., Sandhu, N., Dixit, S., Shamsudin, N.A.A., Naredo, M.E.B., McNally, K.L., Henry, A., Diaz, M.G., Kumar, A. | Genetic loci enhancing grain yield and root development under variable rice cultivation conditions. | Frontiers of Plant Science | READ |
| Whitehouse, K.J., Hay, F.R., Ellis, R.H. | High-temperature stress during drying improves subsequent rice (Oryza sativa L.) seed longevity. | Seed Science Research | READ |
| Lee, J.S., Kwak, J., Yoon, M.R., Lee, J.S., Hay F.R. | Contrasting tocol ratios associated with seed longevity in rice variety groups. | Seed Science Research | READ |
| Timple, S.E., Hay, F.R. | High-temperature drying of seeds of wild Oryza species intended for long-term storage. | Seed Science and Technology | READ |
| Jae-Sung Lee, Marlina Velasco-Punzalan, Myrish Pacleb, Rocel Valdez, Tobias Kretzschmar, Kenneth L McNally, Abdel M Ismail, Pompe C Sta Cruz, N Ruaraidh Sackville Hamilton, Fiona R Hay | Variation in seed longevity among diverse Indica rice varieties | Annals of Botany | READ |
| Jae-Sung Lee, Jieun Kwak, Jun-Hyeon Cho, Dmytro Chebotarov, Mi-Ra Yoon, Jeom-Sig Lee, N. Ruaraidh Sackville Hamilton, Fiona R. Hay | A high proportion of beta-tocopherol in vitamin E is associated with poor seed longevity in rice produced under temperate conditions | Plant Genetic Resources | READ |
| Jae-Sung Lee, Nese Sreenivasulu, Ruaraidh Sackville Hamilton, Ajay Kohli | Brown Rice, a Diet Rich in Health Promoting Properties | Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology | READ |
| Zapico FL, Dizon JT, Borromeo TH, McNally KL, Fernando ES, Hernandez JE | Genetic erosion in traditional rice agro-ecosystems in Southern Philippines: drivers and consequences | Plant Genetic Resources | READ |
| Wang C, Yu H, Huang J, Wang WS, Faruquee M, Zhang F, Zhao X, Fu B, Chen K, Zhang H, Tai SS, Wei CC, Li J, McNally K, Alexandrov N, Gao X, Li Z, Xu J & Zheng TQ | Towards a deeper haplotype mining of complex traits in rice with RFGB v2.0 | Plant Biotechnology Journal | READ |
| Zapico F, Hernandez J, Borromeo T, McNally K, Dizon J, Fernando E | Traditional Agro-ecosystems in Southern Philippines: Vulnerabilities, Threats and Interventions | Int. J. of Disaster Resilience Built Env. | READ |
| Santos JD, Chebotarov D, McNally KL, Bartholomé J, Droc G, Billot C, Glaszmann JC | Fine scale genomic signals of admixture and alien introgression among Asian rice landraces | Genome Biology and Evolution | READ |
| Fuentes RR, Chebotarov D, Duitama J, Smith S, De la Hoz JF, Mohiyuddin M, Wing RA, McNally KL, Tatarinova T, Grigoriev A, Mauleon R, Alexandrov N | Structural variants in 3,000 rice genomes | Genome Research | READ |
| Cal A, Sanciangco M, Rebolledo MC, Luquet D, Torres R, McNally K, Henry A | Leaf morphology, rather than plant water status, underlies genetic variation of rice leaf rolling under drought | Plant Cell Environment | READ |
| Venske E, Stafen CF, de Oliveira VF, Quecini VM, da Maia LC, de Magalhães AM, McNally KL, de Oliveira AC, Pegoraro C | Genetic diversity, linkage disequilibrium and population structure in a working panel of Brazilian rice accessions | J Appl Genet | READ |
| OA Agbeleye, MR Olubiyi, BO Ehirim, AO Shittu, OL Jolayemi, VO Adetimirin, OJ Ariyo, KA Sanni, and R Venuprasad. | Screening African rice (O. glaberrima Steud.) for tolerance to Abiotic Stress. III. Flooding. | Sabrao Journal of Breeding and Genetics | READ |
| N Kuya, J Sun, K Iijima, R Venuprasad and T Yamamoto, | Novel method for evaluation of anaerobic germination in rice and its application to diverse genetic collections. | Breeding Science | READ |
| A Kohli, BPM Swamy and R Venuprasad, 2019. | Interfacing conventional and modern approaches to speedup and focus plant breeding, | Rural 21 | READ |
| Zhou, Yong, Dmytro Chebotarov, Dave Kudrna, Victor Llaca, Seunghee Lee, Shanmugam Rajasekar, Nahed Mohammed, Noor Al-Bader, Chandler Sobel-Sorenson, Praveena Parakkal, Lady Johanna Arbelaez, Natalia Franco, Nickolai Alexandrov, N. Ruaraidh Sackville Hamil | A platinum standard pan-genome resource that represents the population structure of Asian rice | Scientific Data | READ |
| Lee, Jae-Sung, Dmytro Chebotarov, John Damien Platten, Kenneth McNally, & Ajay Kohli | Advanced strategic research to promote the use of rice genetic resources | Agronomy | READ |
| Tan, Jeanette Mara P., Maria Celeste Banaticla-Hilario, Pastor Malabrigo, Marjorie Delos Angeles, Inocencio E. Buot, Jr. | Anatomical examination of the petiole of eupolypods I (Polypodiales) | Biodiversitas | READ |
| Tin, Huynh Quang, Loi Huu Nguyen, Labarosa Jan E. Sandy, Kenneth L. McNally, Susan McCouch, & Benjamin Kilian | Assessment of the phenotypic response of 50 CWR‐derived rice lines selected by farmers in the Mekong Delta to salt stress at the seedling stage | Agronomy Journal | READ |
| Raubach, Sebastian, Benjamin Kilian, Kate Dreher, Ahmed Amri, Filippo M. Bassi, Ousmane Boukar, Douglas Cook, Alan Cruickshank, Christian Fatokun, Noureddine El Haddad, Alan Humphries, David Jordan, Zacharia Kehel, Shiv Kumar, Sandy Jan Labarosa, Loi Huu | From bits to bites: Advancement of the Germinate platform to support genetic resources collections and pre‐breeding informatics for crop wild relatives | Crop Science | READ |
| Zapico, Florence L., Josefina T. Dizon, Teresita H. Borromeo, Kenneth L. McNally, Edwino S. Fernando, & Jose E. Hernandez | Genetic erosion in traditional rice agro-ecosystems in Southern Philippines: drivers and consequences | Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization | READ |
| Lee, Jae-Sung, Jieun Kwak, & Fiona R. Hay | Genetic markers associated with seed longevity and vitamin E in diverse Aus rice varieties | Seed Science Research | READ |
| Halewood, Michael, Nelissa Jamora, Isabel Noriega, Noelle Anglin, Peter Wenzl, Thomas Payne, Marie-Noelle Ndjiondjop, Luigi Guarino, P. Kumar, Mariana Yazbek, Alice Muchugi, Vania Azevedo, Marimagne Tchamba, Chris Jones, Ramaiah Venuprasad, Nicolas Roux, | Germplasm Acquisition and Distribution by CGIAR Genebanks | Plants | READ |
| Salaj, T.; Klubicová, K.; Panis, B.; Swennen, R.; Salaj J. | Physiological and structural aspects of in vitro somatic embryogenesis in Abies alba Mill. | Forests | READ |
| Villanueva, Donald, Melinda Smale, Nelissa Jamora, Grace Lee Capilit, & Ruaraidh Sackville Hamilton | The contribution of the International Rice Genebank to varietal improvement and crop productivity in Eastern India | Food Security | READ |
| Zapico, Florence, Josefina Dizon, Edwino Fernando, Teresita Borromeo, Kenneth McNally, Jose Hernandez | Upland rice: Cultural keystone species in a Philippine traditional agroecosystem | Asian Journal of Agriculture and Development | READ |
| Lee, Jae-Sung, & Fiona R. Hay | Variation in seed metabolites between two indica rice accessions differing in seed longevity | Plants | READ |
| Melandri, G., M Sikirou, JD Arbelaez, A Shittu, VK Semwal, KA Konaté, AT Maji, SA Ngaujah, I Akintayo, V Govindaraj, Y Shi, FJ Agosto-Peréz, A Greenberg, G Atlin, R. Venuprasad, SR McCouch. | Multiple small-effect alleles of indica origin enhance field-based Fe-toxicity tolerance in rice for West Africa. | Frontiers in Plant Science | READ |
